2021-2022 年美国 25 个最佳居住地

是什么让一个地方成为理想的家乡？快乐的居民、大量的工作机会、一流的学校和经济适用房是经常被提及的因素。为了确定最佳居住地排名，美国新闻观察了美国 150 个人口最多的都市区的数据，包括生活成本、就业市场、犯罪率、教育质量等。这些数据是根据对全美 3,600 多人的调查结果加权得出的，以确定他们在选择下一个居住地时最重要的事情。继续阅读 2021 年美国 25 个最佳居住地。
What makes a place an ideal hometown? Happy residents, plenty of job opportunities, great schools and affordable housing are often-cited factors. To determine the Best Places to Live rankings, U.S. News looks at data on the country’s 150 most populous metro areas, including the cost of living, job market, crime rates, quality of education and more. The data is weighted based on responses from a survey of more than 3,600 people throughout the U.S. to determine what matters most to them when picking their next places to live. Read on for the 25 Best Places to Live in the U.S. in 2021.

25. 内布拉斯加州奥马哈
Omaha, Nebraska

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都市人口：931,779
房屋中位数价格：$303,980
平均年薪：$50,550
Metro Population: 931,779
Median Home Price: $303,980
Average Annual Salary: $50,550

在 2020 年排名第 40 位之后，奥马哈的中西部都市区在 2021 年排名第 25 位，因为其持续的低生活成本和就业市场在 COVID-19 大流行期间与美国其他许多地区相比保持稳定。奥马哈地区居民的住房支出仅占该地区家庭收入中位数的 20.42%，其中包括租金或抵押贷款、财产税、水电费等。
After ranking No. 40 in 2020, the Midwestern metro area of Omaha ranks No. 25 for 2021 for its continuous low cost of living and job market that managed to remain steady compared to many other parts of the U.S. during the COVID-19 pandemic. Omaha area residents spend just 20.42% of the area’s median household income on housing expenses, which include rent or mortgage payments, property taxes, utilities and more.

24. 南卡罗来纳州斯巴达堡
Spartanburg, South Carolina
都市人口：307,617
房屋中位数价格：$156,300
平均年薪：$44,920
Metro Population: 307,617
Median Home Price: $156,300
Average Annual Salary: $44,920

斯巴达堡位于南卡罗来纳州西北部，因其低廉的生活成本吸引了许多人来到该地区。根据美国人口普查局的数据，许多人也在采取行动——仅由于净移民，斯巴达堡都会区在 2015 年至 2019 年间增长了 7.97%。斯巴达堡居民将家庭收入中位数的 20.63% 用于住房成本。
Located in northwestern South Carolina, Spartanburg attracts many people to the area for its low cost of living. Plenty of people are making the move, too – the Spartanburg metro area grew by 7.97% between 2015 and 2019 due to net migration alone, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. Spartanburg residents spend 20.63% of the median household income on housing costs.

23.盐湖城
Salt Lake City
都市人口：2,480,709
房屋中位数价格：$458,230
平均年薪：$50,103
Metro Population: 2,480,709
Median Home Price: $458,230
Average Annual Salary: $50,103

与该地区的家庭收入中位数相比，盐湖城的住房负担能力得分很高，尽管在大流行期间国家经济存在不确定性，但其就业市场仍设法保持相对较低的失业率并看到工资上涨。盐湖城都会区 2020 年的平均月失业率为 4.64%，而全国平均水平为 8.1%。
Salt Lake City scores high for its housing affordability compared to the area’s median household income, as well as for its job market that managed to maintain a relatively low unemployment rate and see salaries rise despite national economic uncertainty during the pandemic. The average monthly unemployment rate for the Salt Lake City metro area for 2020 was 4.64%, when the national average was 8.1%.

22. 佛罗里达州杰克逊维尔
Jacksonville, Florida

都市人口：1,503,574
房屋中位数价格：$303,789
平均年薪：$48,270
Metro Population: 1,503,574
Median Home Price: $303,789
Average Annual Salary: $48,270

与佛罗里达州的许多其他都会区一样，由于人们搬到该地区，杰克逊维尔正在快速增长。根据对超过 3,600 名美国居民的调查，他们被问及更喜欢住在哪里，杰克逊维尔在所有受欢迎的地方中排名第 22 位。
Like many other Florida metro areas, Jacksonville is seeing rapid growth due to people moving to the area. Jacksonville also ranks No. 22 out of all the places on the list for desirability, based on a survey of more than 3,600 U.S. residents who were asked where they’d prefer to live.

21. 威斯康星州格林贝
21. Green Bay, Wisconsin
都市人口：319,401
房屋中位数价格：$181,700
平均年薪：$47,400
Metro Population: 319,401
Median Home Price: $181,700
Average Annual Salary: $47,400

绿湾以包装工 NFL 球队的家乡而闻名，位于密尔沃基以北约 100 英里处。在最佳居住地排名中，与该地区的家庭收入中位数相比，绿湾的生活成本低，因此得分最高。绿湾居民仅将家庭收入中位数的 19.83% 用于支付租金或抵押贷款，以及包括税收和公用事业在内的额外费用。
Best known as the hometown of the Packers NFL team, Green Bay is situated roughly 100 miles north of Milwaukee. In the Best Places to Live ranking, Green Bay scores highest for its low cost of living compared to the area’s median household income. Green Bay residents spend just 19.83% of the median household income on rent or mortgage payments, along with additional costs including taxes and utilities.


20. 北卡罗来纳州夏洛特
Charlotte, North Carolina

都市人口：2,545,560
房屋中位数价格：$351,700
平均年薪：$52,150
Metro Population: 2,545,560
Median Home Price: $351,700
Average Annual Salary: $52,150

夏洛特在 2020 年排名第 6 位后重新回到第 20 位，因其受欢迎程度和快速而持续的人口增长而获得高分。根据美国人口普查局的数据，仅由于净移民，夏洛特都会区在 2015 年至 2019 年间增长了 5.9%。夏洛特也是第 20 位最理想的居住地，与名单上的其他地方相比，许多美国居民表示有兴趣住在那里。
Falling back to the No. 20 spot after ranking No. 6 in 2020, Charlotte receives its high scores for its desirability and its fast and sustained population growth. The Charlotte metro area grew by 5.9% between 2015 and 2019 due to net migration alone, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. Charlotte is also the 20th most desirable place to live, with many U.S. residents expressing an interest in living there compared to other places on the list.

19.西雅图
Seattle
都市人口：3,871,323
房屋中位数价格：675,237 美元
平均年薪：$68,460
Metro Population: 3,871,323
Median Home Price: $675,237
Average Annual Salary: $68,460

西雅图今年排名第 19，这要归功于其就业市场和美国居民对居住地的高度渴望。虽然就业市场因大流行而受到打击，但它仍然在美国 150 个人口最多的都市区中排名第 6 平均年薪为 68,460 美元，西雅图的个人平均工资在全美排名第五。名单上的所有地方。
Seattle ranks No. 19 this year, thanks to its job market and high desirability among U.S. residents as a place to live. While the job market took a hit as a result of the pandemic, it still ranks No. 6 out of the 150 most populous metro areas in the U.S. With an average annual salary of $68,460, Seattle has the fifth-highest individual average salary out of all the places on the list.

18. 佛罗里达州墨尔本
Melbourne, Florida

都市人口：585,507
房屋中位数价格：$217,400
平均年薪：$51,180
Metro Population: 585,507
Median Home Price: $217,400
Average Annual Salary: $51,180

在 2020 年排名第 28 位之后，墨尔本今年上升了 10 位，这主要是由于净移民带来的快速人口增长——以及在大流行期间比许多其他都市区更好的就业市场。根据美国人口普查局的数据，从 2015 年到 2019 年，由于净移民，墨尔本都会区增长了 8.46%。
After ranking No. 28 in 2020, Melbourne jumps 10 spots this year, largely due to its rapid population growth from net migration – and for a job market that sustained itself better than many other metro areas during the pandemic. From 2015 to 2019, the Melbourne metro area grew by 8.46% due to net migration, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

17. 科罗拉多州柯林斯堡
Fort Collins, Colorado

都市人口：344,786
房屋中位数价格：462,481 美元
平均年薪：$53,230
Metro Population: 344,786
Median Home Price: $462,481
Average Annual Salary: $53,230

在科罗拉多州-怀俄明州线以南大约 30 英里处，柯林斯堡是科罗拉多州的一个小型都会区，正在快速发展。根据美国人口普查局的数据，由于净移民导致人口增长，柯林斯堡在 150 个都市区中排名第 11，从 2015 年到 2019 年增长了 8.2%。
Roughly 30 miles south of the Colorado-Wyoming state line, Fort Collins is a small metro area in Colorado that’s seeing a lot of growth. Fort Collins ranks 11th out of the 150 metro areas on the list for population growth due to net migration, which increased by 8.2% from 2015 to 2019, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

16. 威斯康星州麦迪逊
Madison, Wisconsin

都市人口：653,725
房屋中位数价格：$348,940
平均年薪：$54,300
Metro Population: 653,725
Median Home Price: $348,940
Average Annual Salary: $54,300

麦迪逊在最佳居住地排名中名列第 16 位，这在很大程度上是由于大都市区强劲的就业市场。虽然许多其他都市区在 2020 年的失业率高于 7%，但麦迪逊的失业率相对较低，为 4.95%。此外，平均年薪为 54,300 美元，高于全国平均水平 53,490 美元。
Madison takes the No. 16 spot in the Best Places to Live ranking, in large part due to the metro area’s strong job market. While many other metro areas struggled with unemployment rates above 7% in 2020, Madison’s was comparatively low at 4.95%. Additionally, the average annual salary is $54,300, which is above the national average of $53,490.


15. 旧金山
San Francisco

都市人口：4,701,332
房屋中位数价格：$1,047,714
平均年薪：75,890 美元
Metro Population: 4,701,332
Median Home Price: $1,047,714
Average Annual Salary: $75,890

旧金山今年回落五位至第 15 位，尽管整个国家在冠状病毒大流行期间就业受到打击，但其强劲的就业市场仍然排名靠前——在名单上的 150 个都市区中排名第四，紧随其后湾区邻居，加利福尼亚州圣何塞；华盛顿特区。;和科罗拉多州的博尔德。旧金山的平均年薪为 75,890 美元。
Falling back five spots to No. 15 this year, San Francisco remains highly ranked for its strong job market, even as the entire country took an employment hit during the coronavirus pandemic – ranking fourth out of the 150 metro areas on the list, following its Bay Area neighbor, San Jose, California; Washington, D.C.; and Boulder, Colorado. San Francisco’s average annual salary is $75,890.

14. 丹佛
Denver

都市人口：2,892,066
房屋中位数价格：$557,273
平均年薪：61,540 美元
Metro Population: 2,892,066
Median Home Price: $557,273
Average Annual Salary: $61,540

丹佛在 2021 年的整体最佳居住地排名中从长期保持的第 2 位跌至第 14 位。虽然丹佛都市区在 COVID-19 大流行中受到了一些打击，但它仍保持着理想之地的声誉居住在美国居民中，由于净移民和就业市场比典型的美国都市区强劲，人口正增长。
Denver falls from the long-held No. 2 spot on the overall Best Places to Live ranking to No. 14 in 2021. While the Denver metro area has taken some hits amid the COVID-19 pandemic, it maintains a reputation as a desirable place to live among U.S. residents, positive growth in population due to net migration and a job market that’s stronger than the typical U.S. metro area.


13. 爱荷华州得梅因
Des Moines, Iowa

都市人口：680,439
房屋中位数价格：$273,134
平均年薪：$52,890
Metro Population: 680,439
Median Home Price: $273,134
Average Annual Salary: $52,890

得梅因今年位居第 13 位，就业市场强劲，净移民到都会区相对持续。与该地区的家庭收入中位数相比，得梅因的生活成本也较低，在美国 150 个人口最多的都市区中排名第五。
Des Moines takes the No. 13 spot this year, with a strong job market and relatively sustained net migration to the metro area. Des Moines also maintains a low cost of living compared to the area’s median household income, ranking fifth out of the 150 most populous metro areas in the U.S. for its affordability.

12.密歇根州安娜堡
Ann Arbor, Michigan

都市人口：367,000
房屋中位数价格：$270,567
平均年薪：$56,370
Metro Population: 367,000
Median Home Price: $270,567
Average Annual Salary: $56,370

大多数人都认为密歇根州东南部的这个都市区是密歇根大学的所在地。根据美国新闻最佳医院排名的数据，安娜堡在美国 150 个人口最多的都会区中获得最高分，因为它获得了与密歇根州卡拉马祖并列的数据；宾夕法尼亚州雷丁；宾夕法尼亚州约克；和新泽西州特伦顿。安娜堡的高中生似乎也为接受高等教育做好了准备——都市区在大学准备方面排名第三，仅次于博尔德和圣何塞。
Most people recognize this metro area in southeastern Michigan as home of the University of Michigan. Ann Arbor receives the highest score out of the 150 most populous metro areas in the U.S. for its access to quality health care based on data from the U.S. News Best Hospitals ranking, tied with Kalamazoo, Michigan; Reading, Pennsylvania; York, Pennsylvania; and Trenton, New Jersey. Ann Arbor’s high school students also appear ready for higher education – the metro area ranks third in college readiness, following only Boulder and San Jose.

11. 爱达荷州博伊西
Boise, Idaho

都市人口：710,743
房屋中位数价格：$221,475
平均年薪：$47,170
Metro Population: 710,743
Median Home Price: $221,475
Average Annual Salary: $47,170

由于净移民和住房负担能力与家庭年收入中位数相比，爱达荷州的首府在人口增长方面得分较高。居民只需要家庭收入中位数的 22.11% 来支付租金或抵押贷款，以及额外的住房费用，如财产税和水电费。然而，在考虑居住地点的美国居民中，博伊西的得分较低。
Idaho’s capital makes the list with high scores for population growth due to net migration and housing affordability compared with median annual household income. Residents need just 22.11% of the median household income to cover rent or mortgage payments, as well as additional housing costs like property taxes and utilities. Boise scores lower, however, in desirability among U.S. residents considering where they want to live.

10. 俄勒冈州波特兰
Portland, Oregon

都市人口：2,445,761
房屋中位数价格：$515,360
平均年薪：$58,240
Metro Population: 2,445,761
Median Home Price: $515,360
Average Annual Salary: $58,240

美国居民认为波特兰是一个非常理想的居住地，该市在该类别中排名第 5，仅次于科罗拉多州的科罗拉多斯普林斯；檀香山；洛杉矶;和旧金山并列榜首。此外，相对强劲的就业市场和五年内净移民导致的人口持续增长落后于玫瑰城的第 10 名。
U.S. residents view Portland as a highly desirable place to live, with the city ranking No. 5 in that category, behind Colorado Springs, Colorado; Honolulu; Los Angeles; and San Francisco, which are tied for the top spot. Additionally, a relatively strong job market and consistent growth in population due to net migration over a five-year period are behind the Rose City’s No. 10 rank.

9.佛罗里达州萨拉索塔
Sarasota, Florida

都市人口：803,709
房屋中位数价格：$227,754
平均年薪：$46,040
Metro Population: 803,709
Median Home Price: $227,754
Average Annual Salary: $46,040

萨拉索塔从 2020 年的第 16 位上升了 7 位。萨拉索塔位于佛罗里达州的墨西哥湾沿岸，是榜单上 150 个地区中增长第二快的都市区，仅次于南卡罗来纳州的默特尔比奇。根据美国人口普查局的数据，从 2015 年到 2019 年，由于净移民，萨拉索塔的人口增长了 11.22%。
Sarasota has risen seven spots from No. 16 in 2020. Located on Florida's Gulf Coast, Sarasota is the second-fastest growing metro area out of the 150 places on the list, behind only Myrtle Beach, South Carolina. From 2015 to 2019, Sarasota saw a population increase of 11.22% due to net migration, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

8. 缅因州波特兰
Portland, Maine

都市人口：532,075
房屋中位数价格：$310,300
平均年薪：$52,820
Metro Population: 532,075
Median Home Price: $310,300
Average Annual Salary: $52,820

缅因州人口最多的都市区由于其生活质量、相当稳定的就业市场以及作为理想居住地的声誉不断提高，从 2020 年的第 19 位跃升了几个位置。在生活质量方面，考虑到高中生的大学准备、靠近优质医疗保健、犯罪、平均通勤时间和整体福祉，波特兰在名单上的 150 个都市区中排名第八。
The most populous metro area in Maine jumped several spots from No. 19 in 2020 due to its quality of life, fairly steady job market and growing reputation as a desirable place to live. For quality of life, factoring in college readiness among high school students, proximity to quality health care, crime, average commute time and overall well-being, Portland ranks eighth out of the 150 metro areas on the list.

7.佛罗里达州那不勒斯
Naples, Florida

都市人口：371,453
房屋中位数价格：$345,000
平均年薪：$47,980
Metro Population: 371,453
Median Home Price: $345,000
Average Annual Salary: $47,980

在去年排名第 14 位之后，这个人口不足 40 万的都会区在 2021 年跃升至第 7。那不勒斯位于佛罗里达州墨西哥湾沿岸的南端，大沼泽地的发源地，吸引了大量的游客迈阿密或坦帕，但很多人都想搬到那里——而且很多人已经这样做了。那不勒斯是榜单上 150 个地方中增长速度第四快的都市区。
After ranking No. 14 last year, this metro area with fewer than 400,000 residents jumps to No. 7 in 2021. Located on the southern end of Florida's Gulf Coast, where the Everglades begin, Naples doesn’t attract the same number of tourists as Miami or Tampa, but many people want to move there – and plenty are doing so already. Naples is the fourth-fastest growing metro area out of the 150 places on the list.

6.科罗拉多州科罗拉多斯普林斯
Colorado Springs, Colorado

都市人口：723,498
房屋中位数价格：455,371 美元
平均年薪：$52,360
Metro Population: 723,498
Median Home Price: $455,371
Average Annual Salary: $52,360

科罗拉多斯普林斯是最理想的居住地，与檀香山、洛杉矶和旧金山并列榜首。由于净移民和持续强劲的就业市场，稳定的人口增长帮助科罗拉多斯普林斯在今年的榜单中名列前茅，尽管不断攀升的生活成本影响了该都市区的负担能力。
Colorado Springs is the most desirable places to live, sharing the top spot with Honolulu, Los Angeles and San Francisco. Steady population growth due to net migration and a consistently strong job market help Colorado Springs rank near the top of the list this year, though the climbing cost of living has impacted the metro area’s affordability.

5. 德克萨斯州奥斯汀
Austin, Texas

都市人口：2,114,441
房屋中位数价格：$377,693
平均年薪：$55,190
Metro Population: 2,114,441
Median Home Price: $377,693
Average Annual Salary: $55,190

在 2017 年、2018 年和 2019 年连续三年位居美国最佳居住地第一名之后，奥斯汀在 2020 年被淘汰，排名第三，并在 2021 年再次跌至第五位。 尽管如此，奥斯汀仍然是许多人的理想居住地，拥有强劲的就业市场和由于净移民导致的长期人口持续增长，但其生活成本继续上升。
After ranking as the No. 1 Best Place to Live in the U.S. for three years in a row in 2017, 2018 and 2019, Austin was unseated in 2020 to rank No. 3, and falls again to No. 5 in 2021. Still, Austin remains an ideal place to live for many, with a strong job market and continued long-term population growth due to net migration, though its cost of living continues to rise.

4. 阿肯色州费耶特维尔
Fayetteville, Arkansas

都市人口：514,259
房价中位数：$203,150
平均年薪：$47,600
Metro Population: 514,259
Median Home Price: $203,150
Average Annual Salary: $47,600

阿肯色州这个快速发展的都市区长期以来一直是最佳居住地排名中的有力竞争者——今年也不例外。与家庭收入相比，生活成本低、净移民带来的强劲人口增长和稳定的就业市场都有助于费耶特维尔在 2021 年排名第 4。
This fast-growing metro area in Arkansas has long been a strong contender in the Best Places to Live ranking – and this year is no different. A low cost of living compared with household income, strong population growth due to net migration and steady job market all contribute to Fayetteville’s ranking at No. 4 in 2021.


3. 阿拉巴马州亨茨维尔
Huntsville, Alabama

都市人口：457,003
房屋中位数价格：$192,667
平均年薪：$55,980
Metro Population: 457,003
Median Home Price: $192,667
Average Annual Salary: $55,980

亨茨维尔从 2020 年的第 15 位跃升至 2021 年的第 3 位，尤其是其就业市场在全国各地的失业问题中变得更加强劲。这个位于阿拉巴马州北部的都会区是美国 150 个人口最多的都会区中居住成本最低廉的地方，并且拥有许多专注于科学、技术、工程和数学的本地公司，这有助于提高当地的平均年薪人口。
Huntsville jumps from No. 15 in 2020 to No. 3 in 2021, particularly for its job market that became even stronger in the midst of unemployment concerns across the country. This northern Alabama metro area is the most affordable place to live out of the 150 most populous metro areas in the U.S., and has many local companies focused on science, technology, engineering and math, which contributes to a higher average annual salary for the local population.

2. 北卡罗来纳州罗利和达勒姆
Raleigh and Durham, North Carolina

都市人口：1,959,006
房屋中位数价格：$329,709
平均年薪：$56,888
Metro Population: 1,959,006
Median Home Price: $329,709
Average Annual Salary: $56,888

由于其负担能力和就业市场，罗利和达勒姆都市区仍然是人们搬迁的有吸引力的地方。研究、技术、教育和医疗保健是该地区持续增长的行业。根据美国人口普查局的数据，从 2015 年到 2019 年，由于净移民，罗利和达勒姆都市区增长了 5.87%。
The Raleigh and Durham metro area continues to be an attractive place for people to relocate, thanks to its affordability and job market. Research, technology, education and health care are consistently growing industries in the area. From 2015 to 2019, the Raleigh and Durham metro area grew by 5.87% due to net migration, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

1. 科罗拉多州博尔德
Boulder, Colorado

都市人口：322,510
房屋中位数价格：$528,833
平均年薪：$67,160
Metro Population: 322,510
Median Home Price: $528,833
Average Annual Salary: $67,160

博尔德连续第二年在美国 150 个人口最多的都市区中排名第一。根据意愿调查，博尔德在美国居民中享有良好声誉，并为高中生提供优质教育，与圣何塞并列榜首。博尔德居民享受高品质的生活，家门口就是群山，平均年薪为 67,160 美元。
Boulder is the No. 1 place to live out of the 150 most populous metro areas in the U.S. for the second year in a row. Boulder has a positive reputation among U.S. residents, based on the desirability survey, and excellent education for high schoolers, tying for the top spot with San Jose. Boulder residents enjoy a high quality of life with the mountains at their doorstep and an average annual salary of $67,160.

2021-2022 年美国 25 个最佳居住地
The 25 Best Places to Live in the U.S. in 2021-2022